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Exercise: The checkerboard bias
Goal: to demonstrate how bias affects survey results Materials: printed sheets: BiasCounting30-30.docx Time: 10 minutes In this exercise, students are given handouts that show numbered counters scattered on a checkerboard surface….
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Exercise: Budget breakdown
Goal: demonstrate that numbers are easier to understand when broken down and put into context Materials: printed sheets Time: 5 minutes In this exercise, the class votes with their feet…
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Exercise: Deadly doctors
Goal: demonstrate that extreme results are not necessarily out of the ordinary Materials needed: two dice per person, sheets of paper labelled clearly 2 to 12 Time: 10 minutes…
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Exercise: The Spurious Speed Camera
Goal: To illustrate regression to the mean Materials needed: 2 dice per person, a “speed camera” (i.e. cardboard cutout). Estimated time: 5-8 minutes Regression to the mean is another way of saying…
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The essentials of good health reporting
HealthNewsReview.org is a website dedicated to improving the accuracy of news stories about medical treatments, tests, products and procedures. A panel of independent experts review the latest health news, encouraging…
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Questions to ask when reporting a study
“Questions to guide reporting” tipsheet by the Center for Medicine and the Media at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice. “How to highlight study cautions” tipsheet with…
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Balance in science stories
“Should science journalists take sides?”, audio recording of a discussion at the Royal Institution between science journalists Mark Henderson (The Times) and Ed Yong, Today programme editor Ceri Thomas…
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Peer review and replication
“A short guide to peer review” by Sense About Science See the Cochrane Collaboration for examples of systematic reviews. “Body of evidence” from Massachusetts General Hospital’s proto magazine works through a hypothetical…
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Significance and uncertainty
“What does it mean for a result to be statistically significant?” from STATS.org “Confusing Terms In Statistics” by Kevin McConway of the Open University explains how statisticians do not use…
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Types of study and what they can tell us
“What is the Difference Between Controlled and Observational Studies?” and “What are Confounding Factors and How do they Affect Studies?” from STATS.org, explain the pros and cons of the two…
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Scientific method
“How to: get a head start in health and science journalism” tips from Kim Rutter, freelance journalist, on journalism.co.uk on what journalists need to understand about the scientific method…
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Risk
“Risk Reporting 101: What journalists should know about hazards and exposure” by US journalist-turned-academic David Ropeik. Covers the difference between risk, hazard and exposure; putting risk in context; and…
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Understanding polls and surveys
Poynter News University self-directed online course for journalists on “Understanding and Interpreting Polls” “20 Questions A Journalist Should Ask About Poll Results” by the National Council on Public Polls…
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Averages and distributions
US journalist Robert Niles’ guide to calculating mean, median and mode and which you should use when. “How to Deal with Statistics” by the Science Literacy Project, a US…
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Putting numbers into context
“How to get to grips with numbers as a journalist”, a practical guide written by Steve Harrison, a journalism lecturer at Liverpool John Moores University for journalism.co.uk MeasuringWorth.com,…
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General resources on statistics for journalists
“Numbers” by the BBC College of Journalism, a video/interactive course for journalists “to help you spot the spin, the damned lies and statistics, and to help you to use the…
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Exercise: Mapping Randomness
People tend to assume that a group of points arranged randomly should spread out evenly. Consequently, any visible trend or cluster on a map of, say, cancer cases, is viewed with suspicion.
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Exercise: Illustrating the mean, the median, and the mode
Goal: to understand different types of averages exist, and know which is most appropriate to use Materials needed: pen and paper. Estimated time: 5 minutes. Average is a word…
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